| | After four years of structural adjustment with a considerable injection of funds under IMF and WP programmes, the benefits have failed to filter out from the capital Bissau to reach the small-scale rural producers. Instead, the 'ponteiros' , state officials who have land concessions, swallowed up the credit but generally failed to use it for productive investment. Galli does not contest the need for market liberalisation given the gross distortions that have developed in the economy of Guinea-Bissau, rather she challenges the assumption that market mechanisms alone can stimulate investment. |